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Aristotle. Basic philosophical views

If things do exist, necessarily, there are ideas of things, so no idea of thing does not exist, or the thing itself is unknowable.

No fundamental separation idea things from the thing itself.

Idea of a thing inside the thing itself.

The idea of things being something singular, as a unit, and the thing itself, at the same time is also a generalization of all the parts of things is a kind of community.

The generality of things must exist in every single thing, and every time there is a different, but it does mean that the community embraces all things its separate parts and is therefore an integrity thing.

The integrity of the things when removing one part and the whole thing dies thing is, the body things in contrast to the mechanism thing when the thing be consistent, no matter what the removal of its individual parts and replace them with other parts.

The body has such integrity stuff when there is one or more of these parts in which the integrity of the present substantionally.

Chetyrehprintsipnaya structure of all things, as the body:

1. Eidos idea things it is a substance, which is in itself, and without which you can not even understand what this thing.

2. Matter is only things still the possibility of its design and the ability it – infinitely varied.

Eidos stuff is not her mother, and things do not matter is its eidos. Matter is only the possibility of Eidos.

3. If things are moving, and for the motion should be some definite cause of motion, this means that you need to recognize some self-movement, a kind of cause, which is the reason for the very same myself. In being a self-propelled reason and this samodvizhnost somehow reflected in the movements of the real dependence on the movement of one thing to another thing.

4. Impossible to think of the movement in the abstract, that is, without the result that it gives. Movement of goods implies the purpose of movement – a specific category of thing that is neither its form nor her mother, nor her cause.

General formulation chetyrehprintsipnoy structure thing is matter, the form, the efficient cause and the feasibility, that is, every thing is a reified form with cause-purpose designation.

Artistic and creative fundamental principle:

1. Artistic role of matter – matter not simply the absence of all forms, but also the infinite creative possibilities. Matter manifests itself in the form of various spatial and temporal forms.

2. Nature as a work of art – the natural thing and the whole of nature, taken as a whole, is of a semantic pattern.

3. The soul is nothing else than the principle of a living body.

Soul – the substance as eidos physical body in potency to enjoy life.

Artistic and creative principle in its conclusion:

1. Just as every material body is something that is a one way or another eidos, and just as the eidos of a living body is the principle of life, that is, his soul, like this, and every soul, moving body in one direction or another, also has its own eidos, call the mind, so that the soul is the energy of the mind.

2. The mind is the eidos of eide.

3. Mind, despite its freedom from sensible matter, contains its own purely intellectual matter, without which it would not be a work of art.

The basic state is the political views of political communication.

Communication, naturally arose to meet daily needs, have a family.

State belongs to what exists in nature, as a man is by nature a political being.

Nature who does not belong to himself, but to another, and while still a man, that by its nature a slave.

In the best state better to the property was private, but the use of it – in common.

State system – is routine in the field of public office at all, and above all the supreme power.

State devices having in mind the common good, are positive – is the royal power, the power of a few, but more than one – the aristocracy, the power of the majority – polity.

Deviations from these devices: from imperial power – tyranny of the aristocracy – the oligarchy from political democracy.

Of all the types of government, deviating from the right, the worst would be that which is a deviation from the original and the most divine. Tyranny, like the worst of all kinds of government, spaced furthest from its very essence, it adjoins the oligarchy, the most moderate of the same kinds of deviant democracy.

Proper legislation should be the supreme authority, and the officers should be decisive only when the laws are not able to give an accurate answer.

State, consisting mainly of people of moderate means, and they have the best political system. Legislator has to create a particular state system attracted the attention of the average citizen.

In any state you must have three main parts: zakonosoveschatelnuyu body positions, the judiciary.

Cause disturbances is inequality.

The most important way to maintain the state system is education for the relevant government.